n
Light is considered as on of
the most important elements in art work, so the researcher
had has to study and research this
subject in clarity
and focusing, to follow the element of light and study it in
for the scientific physician side and how far the relation
of the light to the colors and the relation to the elements
and art work bases, also study it for the historical side
and how different is the light element in previous art
periods from what is in the contemporary art schools and
movements, and how far is the relation between the light
element and various engraving and printing techniques. Also
how importance is that the modern graphic Egyptian pioneers’
generation used the light element in their art works. Thus,
we separated this research to three sections:
Section #1: (Light Physics and Its Relation to the
Colors, and elements and bases of the art work)
This
section contains three chapters:
n1-
Chapter #1: (physician and scientific
concept of the light)
a - Study
of physician and scientific concept of the light through
defining the light anciently and modernly. And the most
important scientific
theories which considered elucidating the light.
b -
The light resources, nature, specifications and
analysis. Also the most important physician specialties, the
light
reflection and its standards. Also the act of optics system
and retina physiology in the activity of optic realizing
of
the subjects.
n2 - Chapter #2: (light and its relation to colors),
contains:
color
nature and resources and the mixture of light and colors and
dividing colors to; worm and cool colors, and the
negative
and positive mixture to the colorful materials. Specialty of
the color and dividing colors to; primary and
secondary
colors, also studying colors senses inside the art work.
n3 - Chapter #3: (light and its relation to the elements and
bases of the art work):
In this
chapter, the researcher studies the relationship between
light and shadow, and the acting of the light to reach
artistic
aims, such as;
a -
Accomplishing dominating of principal subject.
b -
Accomplishing balance.
c -
Accomplishing dramatic effect.
d -
Accomplishing space deepness sense.
Also
he study the difference in light and dark colorful tones (chiaro-scoro)
also the relationship between light
and
form form and background, the relation between light and
both of line, texture and space.
Section #2: (Light
in Graphic Art).
Contains three chapters:
n1-
Chapter #1: (light, from the
renaissance to ends of the 19th century)
Historical study of the light element in graphic
art starting with the European Renaissance in art works of
the
pioneers of graphic artists: ( Albricht Durer, Andrea
Mantegna and Ticiano ).
n
Light in Baroque period through works of the artists: (
Hendrik Goltzius, Paul Robens and Rembrandt
Van
Rign ).
n
Light studying in Rococo period through works of the
artists: ( William Hogarth and George White ).
n
Light in new-classical period through the artist: (Jack Luis
David).
n
Light in Romanticism school through the artists: (William
Blake, Francisco de Goya and Justave Doré ).
n
Light in Realism school through the artist: ( Honoré Daumier
).
n
Light in Impressionism school through the artists: (Claude
Monet and Edward Manet ).
n2 -
Chapter #2: (Light through modern art
schools in 20th century):
The
researcher studies the dissimilarity of the light element in
modern art schools in 20th century
followed:
n
Light in Expressionism school through works of the
artists: (Edward Munch, Carle Schmedt Ruttluff and
Max
Beckman).
Light in Cubism school through the artist: (Pablo
Picasso)
Light and movement in Futurism school through the artist: (Duchamp)
Light
in Surrealism school through the artist: (Salvador Dali).
Light in Abstract school through the artist: (Biet
Mondrian).
Light
in Op-art school through the artist: (Victor Vasarily).
n3 -
Chapter #3: (Light through the modern artistic
trends):
Studying
the light element in works of the modern graphic artists in
Europe, as there was a variety in light
element
treatment from an artist to another. Lots of those artists
used more than one lightened source in
their
artworks.
Section #3: (Light through different print methods in
modern graphic art). Contains two chapters:
n1 -
Chapter #1: (light and its
relationship with different printing methods).
The
researcher focused the relationship between light and
printing methods as followed:
na - Relationship between light and relief printing: Whether
it was a woodcut or wood engraving, and linocut.
nb - Light and deep-engraving methods: Contains:
Light
and engraving.
Light and dry point.
Light and etching.
Light and deep etching.
Light and stipple engraving.
Light and aquatint.
Light
and mezzotint.
Light and photo etching.
nc - Light and Lithography.
nd - Light and silkscreen.
ne - Light and digital prints.
n2 -
Chapter #2: (Light through modern
graphic art in Egypt) Contains:
n Effect of the
surrounding nature on studying the light element in graphic
artists work in Egypt.
n
Lightening treatment in many of Egyptian modern graphic
artists pioneers’ works for: (Al Hussain Fawzy, Abdollah
Gohar,
Kamal
Amin, Farouk Shehata, Fat’hy Ahmad, Abdul Ma’boud, Hazem
Fathallah, Ahmad Nawar and Awad El Shimy).
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